Category Archives: General

On Change, Challenging and Christmas Carols….

Last week I went to see my daughter’s school carol service. A small church in our town hosted pupils singing carols in-between reading the nativity. I was particularly inspired by a nine-year old girl commencing the proceedings with a solo version of “Once in Royal David’s City” but also by the general quality of the readings.  My daughter, barely 4 when she started this year I suspect was not as interested, but over the next few years I hope she will take on board this sign of a very positive culture at the school.

This has been a year of emphasising culture and compassion in healthcare. Francis and Berwick laying down a gauntlet that the status quo is simply an unacceptable path to follow. The mechanisms by which this can occur are still not clear though. This has been clearly illuminated to me as I spend my last few months in medical training. Having recently been appointed as a consultant, to start in spring 2014, I reflect on the current thinking about the need for cultural shifts in the future. My practical skills, clinical reasoning and communication with other health care professionals have been developed during my training to avoid the need to ‘step up’ once in post. However developing and enhancing a culture of quality and compassion in my department will require me to speak up about others practices and be exemplary in my own. As a junior medical professional it is easy, although not necessarily right, to turn a blind eye to others’ terse tones with patients, unnecessary delays providing treatments or passive aggressive overtones in communicating with colleagues. I am not talking about clear breaches of professionalism or causing patient harm but those things which unchecked can lead to the development of ‘acceptability’ of poor practice.

This will be a hard for me.  I am also very aware it really easy to talk about these things on a podium at a conference (or in a blog) but a completely different thing to act on in the clinical work place. I have much to learn from other colleagues but I hope I can be a credible and consistent champion for excellent practice in my trust. On a national level much time has been spent developing medical ‘leaders and managers’. I am still not clear of the definition of these words but I am increasingly aware that management skills and techniques can be learnt and developed but ‘leaders’ are not so easily bred. “Leadership” though is something that any health care professional can display. Demonstrating compassion, empathy and quality of practice, consistently, even if not challenging others sets a tone for a strong culture. Anyone can do this, you just need to remember that you are always potentially being watched. The cynics who challenged the Change Day 2013 “Smile” pledge missed the point:

Yes, it seems like such an obvious thing to do, but do you always do it?

This is a time of year of reflection. For some reason a particular christmas song will remind you of past events and states of mind. The constant repetition of these songs forces an often frank summation of where you have been and where you are going. New Years Resolutions one mechanism of acting these subtle challenges.

I hope in 2014 I can set a similar example to colleagues and patients the pupils of Farndon Fields school showed to their fellow pupils.

Have a great holiday period and New Year…….

Post Blog note:

If you want an mechanism for acting on any healthcare related resolution please do pledge at changeday.nhs.uk and join a social movement of individuals, teams and organisations delivering on what is important to them. Look out for the #100daysofchange listing some of the achievements so far..!

We must never forget what we have failed to do.

Last week I attended the latest King’s Fund Medical Leadership Network/Development event. These bring together a number of clinicians and managers of varying degrees of experience. There is a focus on outcome, rather than just being talking shops, and there is a clear aim to increase the number of those attending who are early in their careers.

One of the talks was from Prof. Rory Shaw, the Medical Director of Health Care UK. This organisation aims to bring NHS healthcare expertise to the world and establish partnerships that will be beneficial for the UK economy. Prof Shaw was quite open about the questions this raises and some of the challenges to be faced. My interest peaked however in respect of NHS expertise in digital healthcare. It is an interesting paradox that many worldwide healthcare services don’t have access to, or any clear plan to develop, some of the initiatives and expertise which exist here. The concept of a universal number, for example,  is something that is taken for granted in the UK but is not present at all in many other healthcare systems. However from my point of view, a young (but potentially naive and impatient) junior doctor, there is nothing particularly brilliant about our digital systems. Very recently I was involved in a case where the failure to have access to the healthcare information of a patient presenting to a paediatric emergency department may well have resulted in harm to the patient. This was not an individuals fault, it was the fault of the absence of an electronic system that can share information about patients throughout the country.

I was pretty vitriolic about this at the conference, and despite furtive glances and frowns from some members of the audience, will remain so about this. It is not an excuse to say we tried that and it didn’t work. The simple fact remains that most members of the public remain extremely surprised that we are unable to access electronic records in one vicinity but not another. Even worse it remains a cause for concern patients can frequent numerous different health care providers  without any of them knowing anything about these visits. This isn’t about being a ‘big brother’; it’s about managing risk for vulnerable patients and ensuring patient safety in a system which harm if often to easy to come by.

What then are we to make of the failure of the National Programme for IT in the NHS? One argument is that we have moved on, the initiative for local solutions and then joined up working more pragmatic and ultimately more achievable. There are still large costs involved though as the governments recent announcement of a £1Billion fund for Emergency Departments emphasises. Appreciating it’s sometimes easier to judge rather than action, I have been working hard locally towards an electronic integrated illness identification system for children (POPS)  which is now used in other centres and could ultimately be used to compare acuity rates between emergency centres. This solution had to bypass NHS IT and is not the safeguarding safety net that is desperately needed.

It is vital that we remember where we have been in the past and what we haven’t achieved. There are many people and organisations passionate about improving the digital infrastructure of the NHS, and Tim Kelsey is clearly keen on making progress. It is likely solutions will eventually been found but we must honest about our past failures. It would be equally disastrous, probably more so,  should further Berwick and Francis reports be needed, but unfortunately history demonstrates we often fail to learn.

Extolling our strengths is fine, acknowledging our failings much the braver thing to do.

Don’t just leave the NHS to the next generation…

As a disproportionate amount of my blogs do, it all starts with a tweet.

https://twitter.com/Modernleader/status/354984152942129152

I unfortunately have a few issues with this concept of “generational” fixing

I think it is ‘our’ problem to fix, but by our I mean everyone in the NHS. The quality, safety and financial issues facing the NHS are not paradigms to be tinkered with, appreciated to be difficult to redress and then passed on like a parcel (not sure anyone would want the music to stop on them). Virtually all journals and health organisations have had a commentary on the reasons why you should listen and engage with junior doctors – the latest from the HSJ “Why junior doctors are innnovation leaders” , but there are many others on [1,2,3]. I’m afraid that will have to suffice as ‘evidence’ the engagement with a future workforce (and not just medical) is a valuable exercise – if you disagree it might be a blog for another time.

The thing that really gets my back up though is the presumption that junior/trainee/developing health care professionals are always given opportunities in change or quality improvement exercises. Need to be clear here: I am not talking about leadership development on a grand scale – not all junior doctors need or desire to have the skills to become operational managers or involved in national projects. I am talking about taking things beyond simple audit (which trainees have experience of in abundance) on to process change, at however small a level, with the purpose of improving quality of care. If you haven’t already done so please do read the blogs from Dr. Partha Kar which cover a wide range of issues. At the centre of many, though, is the notion that nothing will change unless individuals stand up and be counted. You can blame others for current predicaments but no-one will be able make a difference unless YOU do. This philosophy was also espouced at the recent Agents for Change “Speak.Act.Lead” conference. The challenge is how juniors doctors (or any health care professional in training..) can most effectively do this.

For me any health service has a duty to help support its next generation. However, I am not sure how in environments which lack leadership or role models this can really happen. Gilbert and colleagues, in an admittedly regional survey, determined 91.2% of respondents have had ideas for improvement in their workplace; however, only 10.7% have had their ideas for change implemented. Many possibilities for this – ideas actually weren’t any good, junior doctors weren’t persistent or had a poor implementation strategy. I am willing to bet though, having both experienced and heard reports of this, that in a number of cases the barriers were beyond the means of the junior doctor to breakthrough. And more that than there may have been negative influences preventing even initial initiation. I am not naive, anyone at any level may have difficulties with leadership or quality improvement. Junior doctors certainly do not have an monopoly on change challenges but their experiences during training will have profound implications for the future. So I am more than willing to challenge negativity from trainees who feel they can’t get anything done but I must equally fight the lack of opportunity that comes from their seniors and management structures.

This is not universal, many organisations/individuals are clearly supportive, but others aren’t and these outliers won’t be changed by junior doctors alone. I hope I am not a lone voice in this regard [4] as it is not just the next generation that need to Speak, Act and Lead

[1] Coltart C, Cheung R, Ardollino A, et al. Leadership development for early career doctors. Lancet 2012; 379: 1847-1849

[2] Warren O, Carnall R. Medical leadership: why it’s important, what is required, and how we develop it. Postgrad Med J 2011

[3] Involving doctors in Quality Improvement. The Health Foundation

[4] Roland D, Warren O and Klaber R. Engaging with leadership learning in the workplace. The Lancet 2012;380(9841) 563

Top 14 (couldn’t fit in 10!) Tweets from #Quality2013

Would be interested in people’s thoughts on this list – please do comment!

https://twitter.com/ARoeves/status/325268886494797825

https://twitter.com/dermotor/status/325284423429926914

https://twitter.com/maxine_craig/status/325159044362956800

I’m in the business of medicine, but do I really want medicine to be a business?

Today is the beginning of a new era in the NHS. For supporters of the Health and Social Care Act it represents the implementation of a necessary shift to cope with rising demand and cost:

“[6] The main aims of the Act are to change how NHS care is commissioned through the greater involvement of clinicians and a new NHS Commissioning Board; to improve accountability and patient voice; to give NHS providers new freedoms to improve quality of care; and to establish a provider regulator to promote economic, efficient and effective provision.” [explanatory notes for Health and Social Care Act]

For its detractors, it is popularly described as the end of the NHS and an entire political party has arisen as a result. The debate has often been extremely heated but generally confined to those already in touch with medical “politics”. Anecdotally  (I have no supporting evidence for this) wondering around the corridors of a random english hospital may not find you many staff with a clear knowledge of the details of what has happened on 1st April 2013.  It is this lack of knowledge that may explain, despite some of the vitriol, why contributions by members voting on the Royal Colleges support for and against the bill last year were not that impressive.

College Total Voting Members Number of Respondents Votes against the Bill Response Rate
RCPL [1] 25,417 8,878 6,092 (69%) 35%
RCPCH [2] 10,289 1,492 1,184 (79.36%) 14.5%
RCGP [3] 33,837 in England nearly 2,600 completed responses 90% support withdrawal of Bill 7.7%

Independents have attempted to explain the detail (this summary from fullfact.org is good). There is also a visual timeline of events via the Kings Fund.

A great many commentators have put their hats into the ring about what will happen in the future. I am neither experienced or wise enough to do this. As a trainee, albeit a relatively senior one, I have been disappointed about the level of information given to the future workforce about the changes. It is is a complex area, the Health Act is a huge piece of legislation with arguments of recent terminology on the section 75 amendment making the area even more confusing.

What is without doubt is new ability to widen opportunity for any “provider” to deliver services for patients. I don’t think I am naive about healthcare as a business. The NHS has always run to accounts, tendered and has paid private companies to deliver operations it was falling behind on. But I am old enough to remember a day when there was one National Rail Service. I don’t know if it was true that ‘nationalisation’ was not providing effecient, cost effective services but rail is now clearly a competitive business, even though the trains are often not competing for the same track. However, as a regular train traveller, I know my experiences between the companies are often very different, that even if they do run on time it is at a cost or comfort detriment and I certainly don’t know who best embodies the rail service.

I ask myself is this really how I want to see the NHS?

References

1. Results of RCP Health and Social Care Bill Survey.

http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/press-releases/results-rcp-health-and-social-care-bill-survey (last accessed 1st April 2013)

2. RCPCH votes for Government to withdraw the Health and Social Care Bill.

http://www.rcpch.ac.uk/news/rcpch-votes-government-withdraw-health-and-social-care-bill (last accessed 1st April 2013)

3. RCGP members support withdrawal of the Bill, says RCGP survey.

http://www.rcgp.org.uk/news/2012/january/rcgp-members-support-withdrawal-of-the-bill-says-rcgp-survey.aspx (last accessed 1st April 2013)

Why do you do what you do?

This blog actually appeared in its first form on the The-Network Blog site (well worth joining this free initiative if you are interested in quality improvement and health system leadership and management – there are 2000+ other members!). Its posting here was prompted by the following tweet

So writing back in July 2012…..

At the end of last week I attended the International Conference on Emergency Medicine (#icem2012) in Dublin. Like many conferences the benefits of attending (meeting friends and networking) outweighed the costs (exorbitant registration and travel) but resulted in very little practical knowledge gain.

One lecture particularly stuck in my mind and has re-shaped my enthusiasm for medicine. The speaker, from America, was introduced as a giant in the field of Emergency Medicine and an expert in paediatric emergency care. He was speaking on the topic of “Neonatal Emergencies”. About half way he started talking about a 5 day old presenting to the Emergency Department with Jaundice. His slide set finished with the comment – “stopping breast feeding can be used to confirm the diagnosis of Breast Milk Jaundice”. I have rarely been so angry in my entire life. This is not far off saying “to confirm that people get dehydrated don’t let them drink”. Breast milk jaundice is a physiological process which does not need confirming (other causes of jaundice need excluding if you are unable to do this clinically).

In the middle of the lecture I started waving my hand frantically in the air and stopped when I realised people were looking at me strangely (although this is not the first and last time that will happen). I was the first to put my hand up for questions at the end of the talk and politely asked if I had misheard the speaker in their assertion that stopping a normal process to confirm a diagnosis of no practical relevance was a useful medical intervention. The reply included a denial of being in the pay of a formula manufacturer (something I hadn’t been concerned about but now was) and the fact practices varied so discussion with the family should always take place. I remain perplexed that even in America this could be deemed a suitable practice and was relatively reassured by the number of delegates who came up to my afterwards to agree with my concern. I was also equally horrified that a number of non-paediatric emergency physicians were dutifully scribbling down every word.

Recently I have taken on a little too much and my enthusiasm for the clinical side of my work has waned. I have been reflecting on what matters most to me and which direction I should be taking. Clinical credibility has now firmly been planted back into my life plans and I never wish to become so distant from actual clinical practice that I lose sight of fundamental principles.

I am sure I said at some point in my Medical School interview I came into medicine to help people but this also includes helping my colleagues understand bad practice. On reflection this is what I do with my research, representative and leadership roles and is actually what really drives me forward.

Why do you do what you do?

#APEM 2012 Highlights

Thanks to the efforts of Dr. Mark Lyttle (@mdlyttle) APEM 2012 proved to be a resounding success. Here is a selection of some of the hot topics, mainly via the superb tweets of Dr. Natalie May (@_nmay) to fill those in who weren’t there and prompt further discussion and debate. A more detailed twitter feed can be found on my Storify site for Day One and Two and all the presentations will shortly be available via apem.me.uk. The links within the tweets should all work (let me know if not!)

1. Dr. Nick Sargent “Anaphylaxis – an evidence based update

Not something I had really considered and wonder if I have ever missed this. It does appear studies on adrenaline versus salbutamol for acute asthma have taken place fairly recently http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16490653

Useful to  consider how your local allergy/anaphlaxis pathways ensure suitable follow up?

2. Dr. Anne Frampton “PEM Training Update

Although not directly related to the theme of the talk this is causing a lot of concerned conversations

Has your unit fully implemented toxbase guidance (sorry can’t link as password protected) that children should have bloods at 75mg/kg cut off? This technically means the calpol bottle glugger may need investigations when previously they could have gone home. It’s not entirely clear what consultation occurred before this change but consensus was this will result in unnecessary tests.

3. Dr. Mike Clancy “The future of Emergency Medicine

Mike Clancy emphasised the need for departments to take the bull by the horns in engaging with the new world of commissioning, especially with LETBs . The workforce crisis has been taken on board by the DOH but solutions will not happen overnight.

4. Prof. Ronan O’Sullivan “Paediatric Procedural Sedation – an evidence based approach

Ronan O’Sullivan has sent up an extensive curriculum around paediatric procedural sedation, in which consent must be obtained even for Nitrous Oxide. The reason being that the mindset created around consenting ensures the proper respect is shown to the procedure. It was great to see some anecdote being supported by other APEM delegates

5. Prof. Adam Finn “The impact of new vaccines in Paediatric Emergency Medicine

So a number of vaccines will shortly be available in the UK – rotavirus from next year and a flu vaccine. The effects on Paediatric Emergency Departments potentially may be profound. Add in the addition of Men B (potentially) and you are left wondering what we all might be doing in a decade! Some food for thought…

6.  Dr. Natalie May and Dr. Damian Roland “This house believes paediatric Emergency Medicine in the UK would benefit from more doctors in the UK being active on mainstream Social Media

The against argument is available here

7. Dr. Lisa Munro Davies “Is there a role for ultrasound in Paediatric Emergency Medicine?”

Utilising Ultrasound in Paediatric Emergency Medicine is an inevitable progression as technology advances but the true overall utility has yet to be defined. There was much discussion about the best methods of gaining, developing and maintaining skills. What was clear is the Paediatric Emergency Medicine community would like to be masters of their own destiny in this regard.

Day Two

8. Dr. Anne Kerr ” Should we use Tranexamic Acid in Paediatric Trauma

TXA has a good safety profile in paediatric surgery but despite the large amount of patients in CRASH-2 we don’t have the paediatric data to know when and in which category of patient to most effectively give it. The RCPCH guidance should promote its use.

9. Dr. Catherine Bevan “Paediatric Cervical Spine Injuries – a pain in the neck?

An interesting conundrum – true C-Spine injury astonishingly rare but consequences of missing potentially catastrophic. A sharp mind ad flexible thinking required.

10. Dr. Ffion Davies “Paediatric Trauma Networks: the national picture

It was noticed that whatever national system is put in place there remains not an insignificant number of patients who present with high trauma scores who are brought directly to Emergency Departments by their parents….

11. Dr. Simon Chapman “Simulation in Practice

Simulation continues to expand but the traditional APLS model is increasingly becoming replaced by more immersive scenarios. Key message was importance of debrief and need for role credibility to be maintained i.e. play the role you actually are!

Thanks for reading!